Reference · Cheatsheet

Token & cost quick reference

Rough math for planning prompts, RAG, and API budgets.

Rough math for planning prompts, RAG, and API budgets.

Rules of thumb

| Measure | Approximate |

|---------|-------------|

| 1 token | ~4 characters English |

| 100 tokens | ~75 words |

| 1 page text | ~500–700 tokens |

| 10-page doc | ~5,000–7,000 tokens |

Estimate one chat turn

input_tokens  = your prompt + system + retrieved chunks + history
output_tokens = model reply (capped by max_tokens)
cost          = (input × input_rate) + (output × output_rate)

Save tokens

  • Trim chat history — summarize old turns
  • Retrieve **top 3–5** RAG chunks, not 20
  • Put stable instructions in system prompt once, not every user message
  • Use smaller models for classification/routing

Example

2,000 input + 400 output at $0.15/M in + $0.60/M out:

→ (2000×0.15 + 400×0.60) / 1,000,000 ≈ **$0.00054** per turn

**Related lessons:** `what-are-tokens` · glossary: `cost-per-token`