Chapter BCapstone roadmapPage 5 of 8

Capstone roadmap

Protect privacy and reduce risk

A safe workflow defines data, permission, consequence, and escalation before tool use.

~12 minPrivacy and risk

Before you start

Why this matters

Without opening an AI tool, write the acceptance test for this job: plan and ship a personal knowledge assistant in staged, testable layers. Name one fact that must be exact, one judgment a person must make, and one condition that should stop the workflow. Compare your answer with the professional standard below; the gap is what you should practice.

1Learn the idea

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Draw the boundary

Map four things: what enters the system, what the provider may retain, who can access output, and what action follows. For this topic the operative rule is: use synthetic or personally owned documents initially; separate secrets, user content, telemetry, and model prompts with least-privilege access. “No secrets” is too vague; name prohibited fields and approved substitutes.

Classify the work by consequence. Low-risk ideation with synthetic data may need ordinary review. Internal drafts based on approved material need access and retention controls. Public claims, student decisions, deployments, impersonation, sensitive targeting, or automated external actions require a stricter gate and sometimes should not use the tool at all.

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Threat and rights review

The scenario is plan and ship a personal knowledge assistant in staged, testable layers. Ask:

  • Do we have permission to process every input and license every asset?
  • Could the output mislead someone about authorship, evidence, identity, or reality?
  • Can untrusted text or media alter tool instructions?
  • Is there a reversible draft stage before publication, sending, grading, or deployment?
  • Can a person contest, correct, remove, or revoke the result?
Turn this capstone goal into six two-week milestones: an assistant answers questions from my approved notes with citations. Sequence API, structured output, retrieval, citations, tools, memory, evals, injection defense, tracing, retries, deploy, and monitoring. For each milestone define a demo, test, dependency, risk, and stop rule. Do not pretend all layers fit at once.

The prompt can state boundaries, but prompts are not access control, consent records, or legal clearance. Configure minimum permissions, retention, sharing, and deletion in the surrounding system. Keep an incident route for accidental exposure and a kill switch for repeated workflows.

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Apply proportional controls

For the expected result—A dependency-aware roadmap that ships a narrow cited-answer slice early, then adds quality and operational layers behind explicit gates—review privacy, security, bias, rights, and deception separately. Use provenance notes and disclosures where audiences could mistake synthetic media or generated claims for direct evidence. Preserve human ownership of consequential decisions.

Likely failures include building twelve disconnected demos; adding memory before correctness; no eval baseline; hidden infrastructure work; deploying without tracing or rollback. One evolving codebase tells a stronger story than twelve unrelated labs. Every layer must improve a user outcome and leave evidence that the improvement is real. When local law, organizational policy, a contract, or platform rule is stricter than this lesson, the stricter rule wins.

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Red-team exercise

Try one hostile or ambiguous input without using real sensitive information. Observe whether the model invents, follows embedded instructions, exceeds the schema, or proposes an irreversible action. A safe run should fail closed: return “unknown,” route to review, or stop.

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