Page 7 of 8~96 min topic

Training vs inference

Trace a worked example

From goal to measurement to ship-or-abort for training vs inference on the ticket classifier service.

~12 min this pageWorked example

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Training time vs chat time

Training

Huge dataHeavy computeWeights

Inference

Your promptFrozen modelReply

Training = long study · Inference = quick answer from what it already learned

Goal: improve the ticket classifier service using training vs inference without breaking protected slices.

Mechanism reminder for training vs inference: During training, compute loss on batches and apply optimizer steps across epochs.

Baseline and shock: one epoch over 80,000 examples with batch size 100 requires 800 optimizer steps; five epochs require 4,000 steps

Tradeoff in play for training vs inference: Training is expensive but amortized across many uses and can change persistent behavior. Inference is repeated per request and dominates operating cost at scale. Fine-tuning can improve stable task behavior but is slower to refresh than prompts or RAG for changing facts.

Ship decision: Freeze best-val checkpoint after 5 epochs; serve quantized forward pass; put policy text in prompts/RAG not weights.

Rollback triggers for training vs inference must cite train/val metrics, steps, inference latency, $/1k inferences, refresh lag for facts. If you cannot name a tolerated regression on the ticket classifier service, do not promote the change.

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Make it operational

Keep the training vs inference decision record beside the ticket classifier service code paths that implement it. Future you will not remember why a default exists unless the evidence is linked from the config for training vs inference.

Also pin one numeric memory from this training vs inference chapter: one epoch over 80,000 examples with batch size 100 requires 800 optimizer steps; five epochs require 4,000 steps That number is not decoration; it is a template for how claims about training vs inference on the ticket classifier service should look in design docs. Scoped specifically to training vs inference / ticket classifier service / worked-trace.

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Common mix-ups

People confuse training vs inference with neighboring buzzwords when debugging the ticket classifier service. Before changing prompts, ask whether the broken stage was evidence gathering, the training vs inference judgment itself, validation, or the product action. Fixing the wrong stage creates folklore (“we tried training vs inference and it failed”) that blocks the next team on the ticket classifier service. Scoped specifically to training vs inference / ticket classifier service / worked-trace.

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Rehearsal (training-vs-inference/worked-trace)

Write a five-line artifact for this page: goal, inputs, check, owner, stop rule. Invent one fluent failure that the check would catch. Keep details specific to training vs inference rather than generic AI advice.

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Rehearsal (training-vs-inference/worked-trace)

Write a five-line artifact for this page: goal, inputs, check, owner, stop rule. Invent one fluent failure that the check would catch. Keep details specific to training vs inference rather than generic AI advice.

Read

Rehearsal (training-vs-inference/worked-trace)

Write a five-line artifact for this page: goal, inputs, check, owner, stop rule. Invent one fluent failure that the check would catch. Keep details specific to training vs inference rather than generic AI advice.

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Chapter close 1

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 1: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 2

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 2: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 3

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 3: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 4

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 4: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 5

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 5: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 6

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 6: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 7

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 7: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 8

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 8: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 9

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 9: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 10

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 10: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 11

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 11: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 12

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 12: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 13

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 13: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 14

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 14: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 15

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 15: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 16

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 16: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 17

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 17: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 18

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 18: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 19

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 19: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 20

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 20: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 21

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 21: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 22

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 22: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 23

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 23: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 24

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 24: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 25

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 25: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 26

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 26: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 27

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 27: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 28

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 28: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 29

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 29: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 30

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 30: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 31

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 31: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Chapter close 32

For training vs inference, add acceptance test 32: evidence source, threshold, and signer. Keep it unique to this chapter's scenario.

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Before you start

Why this matters

List the constraints (latency, cost, privacy, review capacity) that any training vs inference change must respect for the ticket classifier service.

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