Chapter DTalk to an LLM from codePage 1 of 8

Talk to an LLM from code

Frame the command-line LLM summarizer experiment

Page 1 advances one concrete command-line LLM summarizer: explain the decision, run the code, inspect failure, measure evidence, and keep only what is ready to ship.

~14 minExperiment brief

1Try it yourself

Code Lab

Talk to an LLM from code

Practice message lists (system + user) like real APIs — offline fake client.

Before you start

Why this matters

Without running code, predict the output of this page's example and name the intermediate value that would prove your prediction. Then write one sentence answering: “What could look successful while actually being wrong?” For this stage, focus on unreliable LLM API call. Keep the prediction nearby; comparing it with the real output is the first debugging exercise, not a quiz about syntax.

2Learn the idea

Read

Build focus

A lab needs a falsifiable claim before code. The claim here is that send one system message and one user message through an HTTP-shaped client and return a bounded one-sentence summary. Record the tiny dataset, expected behavior, and one reason the result could be misleading. The first artifact is an experiment brief, not a model screenshot. It names the user, the decision the output supports, and the baseline you must beat. For this chapter, the baseline is deliberately transparent so later complexity has something honest to compare against.

The artifact's user-facing goal is specific: send one system message and one user message through an HTTP-shaped client and return a bounded one-sentence summary. Its accepted input is a non-empty text string, model name, timeout, and API key loaded from the environment. Those statements are intentionally narrower than “build an AI system.” Narrow scope lets us inspect every input and expected result, and it prevents a toy result from being presented as a production claim. Run the inventory below before implementing anything. Its output proves that the fixture is present and small enough to inspect by hand.

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Run the example

Save this as lesson.js and run node lesson.js. It uses only the language standard library, so the example is reproducible offline.

const job={system:'Summarize in one sentence.',user:'Embeddings map items to vectors.'};
console.log(JSON.stringify(job));

Expected output: a JSON object containing system and user strings. Exact floating-point formatting may vary slightly, but the asserted behavior must not. Read the output as evidence about this stage, not merely proof that the interpreter started.

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Debug the stage

Separate request construction, transport, and response parsing. Test each with a fake transport before contacting a provider. For a malformed response, print the status and safe structural fields, never the API key or full prompt. Retry only explicit transient statuses such as 429, cap attempts, and preserve the final error. A missing choices array is a contract failure, not an empty successful summary.

At the experiment brief stage, save the smallest failing fixture beside the expected result. Change one cause at a time and rerun the exact command printed above; that makes the repair reviewable and keeps this chapter's progressive artifact reproducible.

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Evaluate before continuing

Run a fixed set of short prompts through the fake contract and, when credentials are intentionally available, through the real adapter. Measure latency, retries, output length, and whether the one-sentence constraint holds. Save expected properties rather than exact prose because model wording can vary. Contract tests must remain deterministic and runnable offline.

For this experiment brief page, preserve the fixture and result as evidence for the next page. Label observations separately from conclusions: a passing assertion establishes the behavior it names, while broader usefulness requires the chapter's full evaluation set and stated operating limits.

Checking tutor…

Continue learning · glossary & guides
  • [ ] What exact claim can this tiny fixture disprove?
  • [ ] Which baseline prevents a decorative success claim?
  • [ ] What result would make me stop before implementation?
  • [ ] Can every network behavior be tested through the fake transport?

API: chat completions · Glossary: API key

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