Build a mini RAG
Frame the café FAQ retriever experiment
Page 1 sets a falsifiable claim for the five-document café FAQ retriever before any implementation work begins.
1Try it yourself
Code Lab
Build a mini RAG
Retrieve a doc chunk, then print it as the grounded answer.
2Learn the idea
Read
Name the deliverable and claim
Success is not “I followed the tutorial.” Success is producing evidence that: overlap retrieval returns the right note or abstains on zero overlap. The accepted input is narrow on purpose: five short documents with stable IDs plus one normalized user question. That narrowness is what lets you inspect every field and prevents a toy demo from being narrated as a production system.
Record the baseline you must beat: always-answer-from-largest-document heuristic. If the finished artifact cannot beat that baseline on the fixture below, stop and revise the claim before writing more code.
Read
Inventory the fixture
docs={'hours':'Cafe open 8am to 6pm weekdays.','wifi':'Ask staff for the Wi-Fi card.','pets':'Service animals are welcome.'}
print(sorted(docs),len(docs))
Expected evidence: three sorted IDs and count 3. Treat the printout as a claim about this fixture, not as proof that the toolchain merely started.
Read
Spot misleading success early
For the five-document café FAQ retriever, a decorative win often looks like a clean run that never checks retrieval hit rate, citation correctness, supported-answer rate, abstention accuracy. Write the metric down now so later pages cannot redefine success after the fact. Also note the operational threat you will eventually gate on: prompt injection inside a stored FAQ note treated as instructions.
Read
Lab notebook: claim before code
For build-mini-rag, write the claim on a sticky note in this exact shape: “Given five short documents with stable IDs plus one normalized user question, the café FAQ retriever will …”. Fill the ellipsis with the observable part of: overlap retrieval returns the right note or abstains on zero overlap. Tape the baseline beside it: always-answer-from-largest-document heuristic. If someone later replaces your metric with a vibe check, the sticky note is how you push back.
Also sketch the one-sentence user story: a person uses this output to answer a café question only when a relevant local note is retrieved and cite its ID. If that sentence needs a dashboard, a model zoo, or five services, the lab scope is too wide—shrink the fixture (café notes: hours, wifi, pets, allergens, parking) until the story fits on one screen.
Read
Worked judgment
Decide now whether live network calls are allowed on page 1. For this lab they usually are not; inventory and contracts should run offline against café notes: hours, wifi, pets, allergens, parking. Note the metric you will eventually require (retrieval hit rate, citation correctness, supported-answer rate, abstention accuracy) so page 4 cannot invent a softer target. The characteristic failure to keep in mind is retrieval miss or ungrounded fluent answer.
Read
Why this stage matters for the café FAQ retriever
At the experiment brief stage for build-mini-rag, the job is narrower than finishing a product demo. You are creating one progressive evidence piece about café notes: hours, wifi, pets, allergens, parking that later pages inherit without redefining success. Keep that fixture small enough to inspect by hand, keep outputs copy-pasteable as text, and refuse to narrate this baseline as if it were a production SLA: always-answer-from-largest-document heuristic.
For this page specifically, success looks like a falsifiable claim and baseline written before coding while still centering the user decision to answer a café question only when a relevant local note is retrieved and cite its ID. If you cannot point to a file, command, or assertion that proves that for the café FAQ retriever, stay on this page instead of advancing.
Go deeper
Before you start
Why this matters
On paper, write the user decision this lab supports: answer a café question only when a relevant local note is retrieved and cite its ID. Then write one sentence naming what could look successful while actually being wrong for this claim—focus on retrieval miss or ungrounded fluent answer. Keep both sentences beside the fixture inventory you run next.
In the wild
See how this idea shows up as a product and a company — then come back to the lesson. Skills transfer across vendors.
Related lessons
Check your understanding
Page assessment
Answer from memory. Completion is saved from this evidence, not from opening the next page.
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